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Nutritional Status Markers

Blood markers measuring vitamin levels, mineral status, and nutritional indicators including iron, vitamin D, B12, and folate.

12 biomarkers

About Nutritional Status Markers

Nutritional status markers assess your body's levels of essential vitamins, minerals, and nutrients. Key markers include iron studies (ferritin, serum iron, TIBC, transferrin saturation), vitamin D, vitamin B12, folate, magnesium, zinc, and calcium.

Deficiencies in these nutrients can cause a wide range of symptoms including fatigue, weakness, cognitive issues, immune dysfunction, and mood disturbances. Many deficiencies are common even with adequate diet, particularly vitamin D, B12, and iron. Regular testing helps identify and correct deficiencies before they cause significant health problems.

All Nutritional Status Markers

Active B12

pmol/L

The biologically active form of vitamin B12.

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Calcium

mmol/L

An essential mineral for bone health, muscle function, and nerve signaling.

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Copper

μmol/L

A trace mineral essential for red blood cell formation and nerve function.

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Folate (Vitamin B9)

nmol/L

A B vitamin essential for cell division and DNA synthesis.

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Iron (Serum Iron)

μmol/L

Serum iron measures the amount of iron currently circulating in the bloodstream, bound to transferrin. It is a single snapshot in time and varies significantly by time of day (highest in the morning, lowest at night) and by recent meals. Serum iron is one of four results on the standard Australian iron studies panel — alongside ferritin (iron stores), transferrin / TIBC, and transferrin saturation — and is most useful when interpreted as part of the full panel rather than in isolation.

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Magnesium

mmol/L

A mineral essential for over 300 biochemical reactions in the body.

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Phosphate

mmol/L

An essential mineral that works with calcium for bone health.

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TIBC (Total Iron Binding Capacity)

μmol/L

TIBC (Total Iron Binding Capacity) measures how much iron your blood could potentially carry if every transferrin binding site were saturated. Because transferrin is the main iron-transport protein, TIBC is an indirect measurement of transferrin levels and is reported as part of standard iron studies alongside serum iron, ferritin and transferrin saturation.

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Transferrin Saturation

%

Transferrin saturation is the percentage of iron-binding sites on transferrin that are currently carrying iron. It is calculated as (serum iron ÷ TIBC) × 100 and is reported as part of standard iron studies in Australia. Of the four iron-studies markers, transferrin saturation is the most sensitive single test for haemochromatosis screening.

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Vitamin B12

ng/L

An essential vitamin for nerve function and blood cell formation.

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Vitamin D (25-OH Vitamin D)

nmol/L

Vitamin D blood tests measure 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH D), the main circulating form of vitamin D and the best indicator of overall vitamin D status. It reflects both sun exposure and dietary/supplement intake. Australian pathology labs report 25-OH vitamin D in nmol/L. Despite the name, vitamin D acts more like a hormone — it regulates calcium absorption, bone metabolism, immune function and roughly 200 genes throughout the body.

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Zinc

μmol/L

A trace element essential for immune function and cell division.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the most common nutritional deficiencies?
Vitamin D, iron (especially in women), vitamin B12 (especially in vegetarians/vegans and elderly), and magnesium are among the most common deficiencies, even in people eating balanced diets.
What vitamin D level is optimal?
While "normal" is often listed as 50-125 nmol/L (20-50 ng/mL), many experts suggest optimal levels are 75-125 nmol/L (30-50 ng/mL) for best health outcomes. Levels below 50 nmol/L (20 ng/mL) indicate deficiency.
How is iron deficiency different from anemia?
Iron deficiency occurs when iron stores (ferritin) are low. Anemia occurs when hemoglobin is low. You can have iron deficiency without anemia, experiencing fatigue and symptoms before hemoglobin drops.
Which B12 test is most accurate?
Active B12 (holotranscobalamin) is more accurate than total B12, as it measures the biologically active form. Total B12 can appear normal even when active B12 is deficient.

Track Your Nutritional Status Markers

Upload your blood test results to BloodTrack and monitor all 12 nutritional status markers over time. Get personalized insights and spot trends early.