Australian Blood Test Reference Ranges (2026): Complete RCPA-Aligned Table by Test

How to Use This Page

This is a single-page lookup of the typical Australian adult reference range for the 60+ most-ordered blood tests in 2026. Every range is RCPA-aligned and reflects the values currently used by Sonic-group labs (Sullivan Nicolaides, Douglass Hanly Moir, Melbourne Pathology, Capital Pathology), Healius-group labs (Laverty, Dorevitch, QML, Western Diagnostic), and Australian Clinical Labs.

Three caveats before you scroll:

1. Always read your own report''s printed range first. Small assay-platform variations exist between labs, especially for hormones and vitamin D. The range printed on your specific report is the one that applies to your specific result.
2. "Within range" ≠ "optimal". Many ranges capture the middle 95% of the apparently healthy population — meaning 5% of healthy people sit just outside, and being at the bottom or top of a range can still be functionally suboptimal (especially for vitamin D, ferritin, HbA1c, TSH).
3. Patterns matter more than single numbers. A single mildly abnormal result on one marker, without supporting symptoms or other abnormal markers, is rarely a diagnosis — it is a signal to retest or investigate further.

Full Blood Count (FBC)

Test	Range	Unit
Haemoglobin (men)	130–180	g/L
Haemoglobin (women)	115–160	g/L
Red cell count (men)	4.5–6.5	×10¹²/L
Red cell count (women)	3.8–5.8	×10¹²/L
Haematocrit (men)	0.40–0.54	L/L
Haematocrit (women)	0.36–0.46	L/L
MCV	80–100	fL
MCH	27–32	pg
MCHC	320–360	g/L
RDW	11.5–14.5	%
Platelets	150–400	×10⁹/L
WBC total	4.0–11.0	×10⁹/L
Neutrophils	2.0–7.5	×10⁹/L
Lymphocytes	1.0–4.0	×10⁹/L
Monocytes	0.2–1.0	×10⁹/L
Eosinophils	0.0–0.5	×10⁹/L
Basophils	0.0–0.2	×10⁹/L

Iron Studies

Test	Range	Unit
Ferritin (men)	30–300	µg/L
Ferritin (women, premenopausal)	15–200	µg/L
Ferritin (women, postmenopausal)	30–300	µg/L
Iron (serum)	10–30	µmol/L
Transferrin	2.0–3.6	g/L
Transferrin saturation	15–45	%
TIBC (Total Iron-Binding Capacity)	45–80	µmol/L

Liver Function (LFT)

Test	Range	Unit
ALT (men)	<40	U/L
ALT (women)	<35	U/L
AST	<40	U/L
GGT (men)	<60	U/L
GGT (women)	<40	U/L
ALP	30–110	U/L
Bilirubin (total)	<20	µmol/L
Albumin	35–50	g/L
Total protein	60–80	g/L

Kidney Function (UEC + eGFR)

Test	Range	Unit
Sodium	135–145	mmol/L
Potassium	3.5–5.2	mmol/L
Chloride	95–110	mmol/L
Bicarbonate	22–32	mmol/L
Urea	3.0–8.0	mmol/L
Creatinine (men)	60–110	µmol/L
Creatinine (women)	45–90	µmol/L
eGFR	≥90 (normal); 60–89 (mildly reduced); <60 abnormal across age groups	mL/min/1.73m²
Urine ACR (albumin:creatinine ratio)	<3.5 (women), <2.5 (men)	mg/mmol

Lipids

Test	Optimal range	Unit
Total cholesterol	<5.5	mmol/L
LDL cholesterol	<2.0 (high CV risk); <3.0 (general)	mmol/L
HDL cholesterol (men)	>1.0	mmol/L
HDL cholesterol (women)	>1.3	mmol/L
Triglycerides	<1.7	mmol/L
Non-HDL cholesterol	<3.5	mmol/L
ApoB	<0.9 (general); <0.7 (high CV risk)	g/L
Lipoprotein(a)	<75	nmol/L

Glucose & Metabolic

Test	Range	Unit
Fasting glucose	3.5–5.5 (normal); 5.6–6.9 (impaired); ≥7.0 (diabetes)	mmol/L
Random glucose	<7.8 (normal); ≥11.1 (diabetes if symptomatic)	mmol/L
HbA1c	<42 (normal); 42–47 (pre-diabetes); ≥48 (diabetes)	mmol/mol
HbA1c (% units)	<6.0; 6.0–6.4; ≥6.5	%
Insulin (fasting)	<25 (varies by lab)	mU/L
HOMA-IR	<1.5 (optimal); >2.5 (insulin resistance)	index

Thyroid

Test	Range	Unit
TSH	0.4–4.0	mIU/L
Free T4	10–22	pmol/L
Free T3	3.5–6.5	pmol/L
Anti-TPO antibodies	<35	kIU/L
Anti-Thyroglobulin antibodies	<40	kIU/L

Sex Hormones (Adult)

Test	Men	Women	Unit
Total testosterone	10–30 (age-dependent)	0.5–2.5	nmol/L
Free testosterone (calculated)	200–600	5–35	pmol/L
SHBG	15–55	30–110	nmol/L
Estradiol (E2)	<160	follicular 70–500; luteal 200–800; postmenopausal <110	pmol/L
LH	1.5–9.3	follicular 2–10; mid-cycle peak 14–96; luteal 1–11	IU/L
FSH	1.5–12.4	follicular 3–10; mid-cycle peak 4–25; postmenopausal >30	IU/L
Prolactin	<325	<500 (non-pregnant)	mIU/L
AMH	—	fertility-age >15; postmenopausal <1	pmol/L
DHEA-S	4.0–11.0 (age-dependent)	2.0–9.0 (age-dependent)	µmol/L

Vitamins & Minerals

Test	Range	Unit
Vitamin D (25-OH)	50–150 (sufficient); 30–49 (insufficient); <30 (deficient)	nmol/L
Vitamin B12 (active / holoTC)	≥35	pmol/L
Vitamin B12 (total serum)	200–700	pmol/L
Folate (red cell)	≥740	nmol/L
Folate (serum)	≥10	nmol/L
Calcium (corrected)	2.10–2.55	mmol/L
Magnesium	0.7–1.05	mmol/L
Phosphate	0.75–1.50	mmol/L
Zinc	10–20	µmol/L

Inflammation & Cardiovascular Risk

Test	Range	Unit
CRP	<5	mg/L
hsCRP (cardiovascular risk)	<1 (low); 1–3 (average); >3 (high)	mg/L
ESR (men)	<15	mm/h
ESR (women)	<20	mm/h
Homocysteine	<15	µmol/L
NT-proBNP (cardiac)	<125 (under 75); <450 (over 75)	ng/L

Tumour & Specialty Markers

Test	Range	Unit
PSA (age 50)	<2.5	ng/mL
PSA (age 60)	<3.5	ng/mL
PSA (age 70)	<4.5	ng/mL
Free PSA ratio	>25% reassuring	%
CA-125	<35	U/mL
CEA	<5 (non-smoker)	µg/L
AFP	<10	kU/L

Tracking Reference Ranges Over Time

A single result is far less informative than a multi-year trend. Most patients accumulate results across multiple labs over time — different GP, different state, different specialty referral — and the reference range printed on each report can vary slightly. The right way to read a trend is to graph each value with the original lab''s reference range carried alongside it, so a "borderline" result at one lab is not misread against a different lab''s range. Tools like BloodTrack handle this automatically — every PDF you upload preserves the original lab''s units and reference range, then graphs the trend across years and labs.

Important: This Page Is Not Medical Advice

These ranges are a quick-lookup reference compiled from RCPA, AACB, and Australian lab handbooks. They are not a substitute for medical interpretation. A result outside the printed reference range is not a diagnosis — your GP interprets every result alongside your symptoms, history, medications, and other markers. Always discuss abnormal results with your doctor.