MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume)

The normal reference range for MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) is MCV is typically 80-100 fL. It is the single most useful number for classifying anaemia: low MCV is "microcytic" (small cells), normal is "normocytic", and high is "macrocytic" (large cells) — each pointing to different causes.. Reference ranges may vary between laboratories, so always consult your healthcare provider for interpretation.

Helps classify anemias based on cell size and provides clues about nutrient deficiencies.

A high MCV (macrocytosis — large red cells) classically points to vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, which impair red cell maturation. The other very common causes are excess alcohol and liver disease. An underactive thyroid, certain medications, and the bone marrow disorder myelodysplasia also raise MCV. A high MCV can be present before anaemia develops.

A low MCV (microcytosis — small red cells) is most often caused by iron deficiency, the leading cause of anaemia in Australia, particularly in menstruating and pregnant women. The other key cause is thalassaemia, an inherited condition common in people of Mediterranean, Middle Eastern and Asian background. The anaemia of chronic disease can also lower it.

MCV is reported in every full blood count and is the starting point for working up anaemia. A low MCV prompts iron studies; a high MCV prompts B12, folate and liver and thyroid checks. It is monitored while treating the underlying cause.